What is Structure?
Structure is one of the important data type in C language. Structure is a programmers-defined data type in C language. Structure allows us to combine dissimilar data types to a single variable.
Syntax of Structure
A structure variable in C can be declared using “struct” keyword. The general form of structure is as under:
struct s_name {
data_type1 var_1;
data_type1 var_2;
….
Data_typen var_n;
}struct_var1, struct_var2;
- struct is keyword of C language.
- Structure name is s_name
- var_1 is one of the variable of structure s_name with data type data_type1(which may be any valid C language data type like int, float, char, etc.)
- struct_var1, struct_var2 are the variables of structure s_name;
Example of Structure declaration
struct student{
char name[20];
int rollno;
float percentage;
}s1, s2;
Difference between Array and Structure
- Array is a collection of variables of same datatype
- Structure is a collection of variables with different datatypes
- Array uses index or subscript for accessing array elements
- Structures uses (.) operator for accessing structure members
- Array is a derived data type where as structure is defined by programmers
Sample Structure Program
C program to show use of Structure concept.//C program to demonstrate use of Structure in Library System. #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> struct Book{ int book_id; char book_title[30]; char book_publisher[30]; char book_subject[30]; }; void main( ) { struct Book myBook; // Declare variable of type Book //Initialise values to myBook variable myBook.book_id=101; printf("Enter Book Title:"); gets(myBook.book_title); printf("Enter Book Publisher Name:"); gets(myBook.book_publisher); printf("Enter Book Subject:"); gets(myBook.book_subject); /* print myBook details */ printf( "Book ID: %d\n", myBook.book_id); printf( "Book Title: %s\n", myBook.book_title); printf( "Book Publisher Name : %s\n", myBook.book_publisher); printf( "Book Subject : %s\n", myBook.book_subject); } //Output Enter Book Title:Computer Studies Enter Book Publisher Name:ABC India Enter Book Subject:Computer Science Book ID: 101 Book Title: Computer Studies Book Publisher Name : ABC India Book Subject : Computer Science |
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